Felitaur Enterprises, File Manipulation

Overview
Goals: How to view and edit files How to use the standard vi editor How to locate files The power of the "rm" command The following programs/files/directories will be discussed for this topic: cat more or less pico vi i I a A o O dd 3dd d/^[0-9] d/Finally yy 4yy t4yy p tp (for multiple copy buffers) / ? (n or N) and then . for repeat replacement :1,$s/arizona/arizona/gi :set number (nu), :set cindent (cin) :set autoindent (ai, noai), :set shiftwidth=4 :set tabstop=4 :syntax enable (vim on by default) .vimrc map <F5> :set hls!<bar>set hls?<CR> find which whereis locate (not on our solaris machine) rm
Questions
cat vs. more vs. less Why don't you normally use cat to view files anymore? Why is cat still around? What are the differences between more and less? How do you back up in more or less? How do you get OUT of more or less? Which text viewer do the man pages use by default? vi questions How do you open a text file with vi? What is the difference between text mode and command mode? What key do you hit to enter command mode? How do you save in vi? How do you quit and save, or quit and not save? How do you delete a line? 5 lines? A single character? To switch to text mode, you can type a i A I (amongst others), how are those four characters different? How do you cut and paste in vi? How about copy and paste? How do you search for a word? How do you insert an external file? How would you change all instances of Arizona and Ariz. to AZ for an entire document? what happens when you place the cursor over a { } or ( ) when there are matched pairs of them? (note, a vim not vi feature) pico questions What is pico actually designed to do? Why will many system administrators laugh at you if you mention pico? What is the default editor on nearly every flavor of UNIX? How do you save in pico? How do you delete lines, characters? How do you "cut" and "paste" in pico? How do you search in pico? How do you insert an external file? Does pico have any advanced editing capabilities? find, which and locate questions If you just want to find where a command is located, the which command is the easiest to use, assuming what? locate is a spammy search command? Explain. how are whereis and which similar? different? What are some of the options for whereis ? find is the default search tool on the system, explain how to do the following Find a file called ugh.jpg that is somewhere in the /home directory. Find all files that belong to the user pwa. How would you use find to find all files ending in .bak and then run the command mv ~/tmp ? What does *find . -name ".html" -exec chmod 644 '{}' \; do? rm questions** Why is it a good idea to use the -i option, especially if you are root? Is there an undo option for rm? How do you delete a directory and all sub directories within? Why should you NEVER type rm -r / , especially as root? If you have the -i option set by default (say for root in redhat), how could you override it? How do you delete files with strange characters in the name?
Activities & Assignments
Create a file called "test" using pico. Type a few lines. Try and cut and paste lines, correct words, search, and save. Now, open up the same file in vi, and do the same. Try out this in vi :%s/term1/term2/g (term1 is what you search for, term2 is what to replace it with) Try the vimtutor program Try to find the program traceroute using find (hint, you can limit your search to /usr )
Resources
Text Editor Help My Pico Help Page on Felitaur.com VIM Cheat Sheet UnixHelp for pico and vi Linux focus article: Mastering the VI editor VERY COMPLETE vi editor, why to use from "Unix is a four letter word and vi is a two letter abbreviation ;) Vi Reference again from "Unix is a four letter word" Using the vi editor by Unix Help vim Regular Expressions 101 Vi cheatsheat My VIM page rm help Removing Files with Strange Names from "Unix is a Four Letter Word" find help Finding a File from UnixHelp find from "Unix is a four letter word" Find Help Linux.about.com